资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
立春来了春天还会远吗?全国盼春地图看哪里春风将至******
中国天气网讯 今天(2月4日),我国迎来了二十四节气中的第一个节气——立春。立春,春气始而建立也,意味着寒冬已尽、春意萌动。此时,人们对春的盼望也更加强烈了,中国天气网特别推出全国盼春地图,看看常年立春时节春天的脚步到哪儿了。同时,今年的立春有点不寻常,不仅立春连元宵,这个兔年还有两个立春节气,是个双春年,这个立春节气到底有何特别之处呢?
【全国盼春地图】立春不等于入春 春天脚步到哪了?
“东风吹散梅梢雪,一夜挽回天下春。”在诗人笔下,立春便是春天的开始,东风吹落了梅花枝头的雪,一夜之间春天来临,自此,万物复苏,春意盎然。不过,从气象意义上来说,立春并不等于入春。
从中国天气网推出的立春期间全国盼春地图来看,常年进入立春时,我国仅有云南、广东、广西、海南、台湾以及福建部分地区处于气象意义上的春季,真正享受暖意融融的春日。立春节气期间,春天的脚步继续北上,重庆西部、福建中北部以及云南东北等地会都会开启入春进程。而全国其他绝大部分地区,此时仍处在“寒意未退盼春来”的季节中。
【立春气韵】春意萌动 万物复苏
作为二十四节气中的第一个节气,立春意味着新一轮的四时更替正式开启。立春,春气始而建立也。虽然这个时节,天气依然寒冷,但寒冬已尽、春意萌动,大自然生机勃发。
立春时节最显著的特点就是万物开始有复苏的迹象。春风往往被称为东风,它们携带着又暖又湿的空气,从东南沿海地区吹向内陆,轻柔地摇醒了花草,吹绿了山川,也在人们心中播下了盎然的春意。
东风化雨逐西风,大地阳和暖气生。——《立春》·左河水我国幅员辽阔,南北跨度大,各地自然节律不一。立春期间,北方仍是冰天雪地,但南方已经水暖草绿。全国各地的气温开始大幅上升,日照和降雨也增多,万物渐次复苏。
立春后五日,春态纷婀娜。——《立春后五日》·白居易虽然我国绝大多数地区气象意义上的春天还未真正到来,但立春时节万物渐次复苏,春天的脚步已经越来越近了。
冬未放春交割,早有黄蜂紫蝶来。——《腊里立春蜂蝶辈出》·杨万里【立春物候】东风解冻 迎春报春
往往,最先感到春之气息的,是虫鸟与草木。立春第一候,东风送暖,大地开始解冻;第二候,蛰居的虫类慢慢在洞中苏醒;第三候,河里的冰开始融化,鱼儿向水面游动,如同背负着冰浮在水面。立春时节,世间万物,都做好了迎春的准备。
律回岁晚冰霜少,春到人间草木知。——《立春偶成》·张栻古人往往以花为节令信使,立春第一候花信迎春花,就因为它在百花之中开花最早,破冰雪而盛放,及时报告了春的消息。立春之后,万物复苏草木醒,大地的色彩也将斑斓起来。
从此雪消风自软,梅花合让柳条新。——《立春》·王镃【立春风俗】咬春求福 鞭春祈丰
立春是二十四节气之首,是一个轮回的开始,立春更是一个民俗节日,风俗多到难以胜数。为了迎春,我国民间在立春日这一天有“咬春”求福、“鞭春”祈丰以及踏青探春等活动。
吃春饼“咬春”的习俗在北方流传广泛,人们将面烙或蒸制成薄饼,再将豆芽、菠菜、韭黄、粉线等炒成合菜,用饼卷着合菜吃。南方立春吃春卷,春卷馅料十分丰富,有豆沙、花生、白菜肉馅及海鲜等,是用干面皮包上馅料,经煎、炸而成。吃春饼和春卷,都是为了迎接春天的到来。
春日春盘细生菜,忽忆两京梅发时。——《立春》·杜甫“鞭春”即打春牛,立春日将泥塑春牛打碎。人们通过打春牛的习俗提醒大家,春天已到,应该不违农时,及时播种谷物,祈愿一年五谷丰登,国泰民安。
泥牛鞭散六街尘,生菜挑来叶叶春。——《立春》·王镃【立春新知】一年两头春 立春连元宵
由于被安排了一个“闰二月”,农历癸卯兔年共有384天,从2023年1月22日开始,至2024年2月9日结束。农历癸卯兔年天数较多,还使得这个农历年出现了两个立春的历法现象,即“一年两头春”,也称“双春年”。两个立春日分别为正月十四和腊月二十五。
民间有“双春双喜”之说,往往认为“双春年”是吉利的。古人们认为一年内两个立春节气,风调雨顺,预示着丰收的年景。
一年打两春,黄土变成金。——农谚这个兔年不仅是“双春年”,还将在2月4日和2月5日接连迎来立春节气和正月十五元宵节,出现“立春连元宵”的有趣巧合。据了解,“立春连元宵”的情况在21世纪这100年中仅有6次,分别为:2004年、2023年、2042年、2061年、2080年和2099年。
万物之中,希望最美。有种诗意的说法是,立春就是立希望。无论眼下是寒冬还是暖春,此后都充满了希望,春意将逐渐洒满人间,万物更新、春暖花开。这便是立春的意义,也是春天的力量。(策划/张慧 设计/张莉 部分图片来源/视觉中国)(中国天气网)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |